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Jürg Rohrer

Radiation wavelength and greenhouse effect

This article tries to answer a question about the greenhouse effect:
"Greenhouse gases prevent the infrared rays from leaving the Earth’s
atmosphere, but why do they not prevent additional solar radiation from
entering the atmosphere?"

The key is the different wavelength (or different frequency) of
solar light and infrared light. Let’s have a look at the greenhouse
effect (see also the graph about radion transmitted by atmosphere
below):

CO2 emissions for shipping of goods

Globalization makes it easy to send goods around the world. The cost
for shipping goods has never been as low as now. However, the choice of
the means of transportation does severely influence the amount of CO2
emitted for the transportation of goods.
The following table shows the amount of CO2 (in grams) emitted per metric ton of freight and per km of transportation:

Ocean acidification – another effect of global warming

Fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes release over six
billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year. The
consequences of these greenhouse gas emissions are often discussed in
terms of rising global temperatures, but global warming is not the only
threat from increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide
(CO2). Ocean acidification, which occurs when CO2 in the atmosphere
reacts with water to create carbonic acid, has already increased ocean
acidity by 30 percent.
Although the chemistry of this effect is well understood and not much
debated, the full consequences of ocean acidification for marine
ecosystems and human well-being are only beginning to be revealed
.

Offline Carbon footprint calculator

The attached Excel sheet can be used to calculate both CO2 emissions as
well as primary energy requirements for the following activities:

  • Heating with oil, gas, coal, wood, solar energy or heat pumps
  • Electricity consumption. The actual mix of power generation
    (coal, oil, natural gas, wood, nuclear energy, hydro energy, solar
    energy, wind, geothermal or waste) is taken into consideration.
  • Travelling by car for diesel and petrol fuelled cars. Either
    by actual fuel consumption or by distance and average fuel consumption.
  • Travelling by bus (kilometres or miles)
  • Travelling by train (kilometres or miles)

The future of civil nuclear power applications

In July 2007, Oxford Research Group in London released a report about the future of civil nuclear power applications and about the threat of nuclear proliferation. It's title is "Too hot to handle?" A link to the full article is provided at the end of this text.

Here are the conclusions of the report:

The best Religion – Self determination

Many people have now and then some doubts whether their own religion is the best or whether it would be better to convert to a different belief. Others turn away from all religions and some even reject any kind of spirituality. Don't we need religions any more? Are they a concept of the past?

There has always been a certain rivalry between many religions because in the end they all care about the same „clients". An increasing number of followers for a religion automatically increases its influence and power and in most cases also its financial resources.

Definition of soul

The soul designates the immortal essence of a being. The soul is the seat of the personality and true character of a person.

Most of the large religions accept the soul as the most important and ethereal substance of a human being. However, there are – depending on the respective religion – different concepts about what happens to the soul after the death of a person.

Renewable energy going strong for Germany

German manufacturers of wind farms were able to consolidate their dominant position on the international market in 2005, says the German Energy Agency (DENA) in a press release on its renewable energy initiatives. With an increase of 55% in exports, reaching 2.87 billion Euro, they acquired 38% of the global market. According to market indicators the 2005 export quota has increased to reach 71%. The growing use of renewable energy sources in North America and Asia helped the German renewable energy industry to take the lead in almost all technology sectors.